Each type will have its own configuration settings. For example, an already created Ceph or GCE Persistent Disk would not need to be configured, but could be claimed from the provider.
Persistent volumes are not a namespaces object, but persistent volume claims are. A beta feature of v1.13 allows for static provisioning of Raw Block Volumes, which currently support the Fibre Channel plugin, AWS EBS, Azure Disk and RBD plugins among others.
The use of locally attached storage has been graduated to a stable feature. This feature is often used as part of distributed filesystems and databases.